Mismatches of minor histocompatibility antigens between HLA-identical donors and recipients and the development of graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation

Article Abstract:

Disparities in certain minor histocompatibility antigens between adult bone marrow recipients and donors may result in increased risk of graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD), an often fatal transplant complication. Histocompatibility refers to a recipient's tolerance of foreign tissue types. In the process of immune recognition, the antigens are presented by the major histocompatibility antigen HLA-A2 to cytotoxic T-cells. Researchers used a series of cytotoxic T-cell clones to analyze the minor histocompatibility antigens of white blood cells collected from 148 bone marrow recipients and their sibling donors. All donor-recipient pairs had identical major histocompatibility antigens. All recipients with mismatched minor histocompatibility antigen HA-1 developed acute GVHD of grade II or higher. Mismatches of HA-2, 4, and 5 were also significantly associated with GVHD. These effects on GVHD were not apparent in children.

Analysis, Risk factors, Bone marrow, Bone marrow transplantation, Histocompatibility antigens

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CD40 activation in vivo overcomes peptide-induced peripheral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte tolerance and augments anti-tumor vaccine efficacy

Article Abstract:

CD40 activation has been found to overcome peptide-induced peripheral cytotoxic T-cell tolerance in vivo in mice. It also adds to anti-tumor vaccine efficacy. Whether injection of the tolerizing peptides E1A and E1B with triggering of CD40 in vivo would stop induction of peripheral CTL tolerance and thereby lead to tumor-specific CTL immunity was studied as was triggering of CD40 and its possible enhancement of therapeutic action of a vaccine shown to confer protective anti-tumor immunity.

Germany, Usage, Prevention, Mice, Mice (Rodents), Tumors

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Tetrameric HLA class I-minor histocompatibility antigen peptide complexes demonstrate minor histocompatibility antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in patients with graft-versus-host disease

Article Abstract:

Tetrameric HLA class I-minor histocompatibility antigen peptide complexes show minor histocompatibility antigen (mHag)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in those with graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). The direct ex vivo visualization of mHag-specific CTLs during GvHD using tetrameric HLA-class and I-mHAg HA-1 and HY peptide complexes is shown. I-mHag peptide tetramers may be useful as clinical tools for diagnosis/monitoring of GvHD patients.

United Kingdom, HLA histocompatibility antigens, Antigenic determinants

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