Myelokathexis: normalization of neutrophil counts and morphology by GM-CSF

Article Abstract:

Recombinant (genetically engineered) human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) may be an effective treatment for patients with myelokathexis. Myelokathexis is a disorder characterized by the retention of cells in the bone marrow, leading to abnormally low blood levels of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell (WBC). Neutrophils of patients with myelokathexis are abnormal in appearance. Two sisters with myelokathexis were treated with GM-CSF. Both sisters experienced an increase in blood levels of neutrophils, and they no longer had neutrophils that were abnormal in appearance. Blood levels of other types of WBCs also increased, as did blood levels of immunoglobulins, or antibodies. GM-CSF may stimulate the release of neutrophils and other types of WBCs from bone marrow into circulating blood. The cause of myelokathexis is not known, but myelokathexis patients may not produce adequate amounts GM-CSF. Both sisters with myelokathexis had undetectable levels of GM-CSF before treatment.

Health aspects, Causes of, Drug therapy, Blood diseases, Hematologic diseases, Neutropenia, Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor

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The biology of chronic myeloid leukemia

Article Abstract:

An understanding of the biological basis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has led to better treatments. CML is a type of leukemia that used to be fatal within three to five years. It occurs when the cells that are the precursor of all blood cells begin to increase in number in an abnormal manner. Stem-cell transplants and interferon treatment have led to three-year survival rates as high as 87%.

Myeloid leukemia, Myelocytic leukemia

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Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia: Biology and Therapy

Article Abstract:

The authors discuss chronic myelogenous leukemia, its cellular and molecular characteristics, including the genetic variation called the Philadelphia chromosome. They discuss the disease's development, and the use of stem-cell transplanting, which can help cure it, although donors are limited and other restrictions make its use rare.

Statistical Data Included, Development and progression, Stem cells, Stem cell transplantation, Philadelphia chromosome, Myeloid leukemia, Philadelphia-positive, Philadelphia-positive myeloid leukemia

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