The genetics of drug dependence: tobacco addition

Article Abstract:

Genetic factors may partially determine an individual's smoking habits and whether or not they can quit. Most individuals try cigarette smoking at some time in their life, but only some become addicted to cigarettes. Drug addiction is caused by the complex interaction of a variety of factors, including genetic predisposition. Research studies have found that genetic factors can either make a person less vulnerable or more vulnerable to alcoholism. Very little research has been done into the genetic aspects of tobacco and other types of drug addiction. A research study of the smoking habits of male twins over a 16-year period found that tobacco addiction may be partially determined by genetic factors. Men who were identical twins were more likely to have the same smoking habits as their twin than those who were fraternal twins. Identical twins also were more likely to be similar in their ability to quit smoking than fraternal twins.

Genetic aspects, Smoking, Tobacco

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Treating tobacco addiction - nicotine or no nicotine?

Article Abstract:

The antidepressant drug bupropion may be a safe alternative to nicotine patches and gums in smokers who want to quit. In a 1997 study, 44% of the smokers who took 300 milligrams of the drug daily quit smoking. It is not clear how antidepressants help smokers quit. Smokers have higher rates of depression than non-smokers and nicotine may have an antidepressant effect. Nicotine addiction may involve abnormal neurotransmitter levels, which could be restored to normal by antidepressants. Nicotine patches and gums are not always effective and many patients may prefer using a non-nicotine medication.

Usage, Evaluation, Smoking cessation programs, Smoking cessation, Antidepressants

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Adverse cardiovascular and central nervous system events associated with dietary supplements containing ephedra alkaloids

Article Abstract:

Dietary supplements containing ephedra may have serious side effects. A review of 140 reports of adverse effects caused by ephedra found that hypertension was the most common side effect, followed by heart palpitations, rapid heartbeat, stroke, and seizures.

Complications and side effects, Ephedra

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