European technology policy evolution: convergence towards SMEs and regional technology transfer

Article Abstract:

European policies toward technological progress distinguished between science and industry. The state did not provide for the effective transfer of technology from laboratories to industries. However, the 1970s trend for an integrated innovation policy and for a technology policy in the 1980s precipitated a developmental policy which emphasized regional economic and industrial growth. This was manifest in the upsurge of regional development centers such as the French technopoles, the German innovation centers and the science parks in the UK.

Evaluation, Europe, Science and technology policy, Economic development, Technology and state, Technology policy

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Industrial innovation and government environmental regulation: some lessons from the past

Article Abstract:

Excessive governmental regulation on industrial pollution has had an adverse effect on industries since the middle 1960's and has created an anti-regulatory climate. However, the government can and is attempting to introduce various measures such as financial assistance and technological aid to control environmental pollution. Positive governmental stimulus will create a healthy industrial atmosphere that will have a better impact than the excessively strict pollution laws of earlier decades.

Laws, regulations and rules, Industrial policy, Environmental policy

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The changing nature of the innovation process

Article Abstract:

The acceleration of technological change is attributed to more efficient administration of innovation, use of effective linkages and integrated teams, modification of the development process and the creation of technological networks. This fifth-generation innovation process has affected the level of international competition and product diversity and quality. Also called the strategic integration and networking process, it gives users an advantage over non-users.

Editorial, Analysis, Technological innovations, Industrial productivity

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