Switzerland's participation in the European RTD framework programmes: a win-win game?

Article Abstract:

The participation of Switzerland in the European Union's Research and Technology Development Framework Program benefitted the participants in terms of increased scientific and technological expertise and performance. Moreover, new research fields were created and marketable products were developed. However, because of Switzerland's partial membership with the EU, Swiss participants were unable to fully participate in all EU activities in terms of exerting influence on R&D operations. Industrial participants in Switzerland expressed a high degree of satisfaction despite the disadvantages.

Science, Space & Technology, Evaluation, Switzerland, Science and technology policy, European Union, Technological innovations

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High-technology spin-offs from government R&D laboratories and research universities

Article Abstract:

The high-technology spin-off process was assessed through consideration of three US Federal research and development (R&D) laboratories and Japanese government laboratories and universities. Spin-offs observed from government R&D laboratories and research universities implies the need to develop a more complex description of spin-off process that will tackle technological innovation and entrepreneurs who develop the process. Doubts were raised as to claims that spin-off process involve the transfer of both the founder and the core technology from a parent entity to a new firm.

Research and Testing Services, R&D Facilities, Research & Development-Universities, Research, Analysis, High technology industry, Corporate reorganizations, Corporate divestiture, Divestiture, Laboratories, University research

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