Cultivating a new system

Article Abstract:

Agriculture in Zimbabwe is divided into two main types, subsistence level farming on the black communal land and the commercial farming done on white-owned farms and ranches. Soil degradation from overuse and runoff from areas of bare rock in the communal lands is a serious problem. The government is considering forced sales of 5 million hectares of white-owned farm land under the Land Acquisition Act of 1992, but only 110,000 of 650,000 families will benefit. The plan will create a black, entrepreneurial, land-owning class without really dealing with the problems of poverty and ecological ruin.

Environmental policy, Zimbabwe, Soil conservation, Land nationalization

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Growing beyond subsistence

Article Abstract:

Nepal's Five Year Development Plan for agriculture is unrealistic and its goal of doubling food-grain output from its 1985 level is unlikely to be met. Nepalese agriculture is more subsistence than commercial, and in need of modernization. In order to meet its goal, Nepal will have to drastically increase high-yield agricultural methods. Instead of a short-term plan, Nepal should reduce population growth, establish land reform and increase credit access for small farmers.

Agricultural policy, Nepal

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A geography of war

Article Abstract:

First civil war and now drought have destroyed Mozambique's ability to support the people and has forced reliance on imported food aid. The insurgency by Renamo rebels has driven the populace to seek refuge along the coast. The drought has made farming cash crops impossible and industrial output has been reduced because of the economic hardship. Deforestation of mangrove swamps on the coast is threatening the fishing industry by destroying coral reefs with coastal silt.

Economic aspects, Civil war, Mozambique, Droughts, Refugees, Mozambican, Mozambican refugees

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