The dioxin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: nuclear receptors in search of endogenous ligands

Article Abstract:

Specific physiological activation ligands for dioxins and peroxisome proliferators have not yet been identified. These xenobiotic compounds activate receptor systems that lead to cytochrome P-450 gene transcription. The effect of the receptors in biological processes can be better understood with the identification of the physiological ligands. Current studies fail to determine the ligands involved in the in vivo stimulation of the receptors. However, the similarity of the receptor systems to steroid hormone receptors provides a clue for the possible endogenous ligands of the xenobiotic compounds.

Dioxin, Dioxins, Xenobiotics, Drug receptors, Clofibrate

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Cytochrome P450 in the brain: 2B or not 2B

Article Abstract:

Cytochrome P450 are hepatic enzymes found in the lungs, kidneys, breast, nasal mucosa and the brain. Their presence in the brain is confirmed by the discovery of three of its types namely the 5L-androstane-3beta, 17beta-diol hydroxylase, CYP7B and CYP2D4. Their main functions are to regulate the level of endogenous GABA recptor agonists, to monitor the development of potentially biologically active metabolites of dehydroepiandrosterone and to support the formation of arachidonic acid epoxides.

Research, Enzymes

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Ca2+ influx following receptor activation

Article Abstract:

A study was conducted to investigate the mechanisms sustaining Ca2+ influx following receptor activation in calcium channels which have been sent undefined intracellular signals, which are assumed to be generated by microsomal cytochrome P-450. Results showed that P-450 found at Ca2+ stores are sensitive and are able to sense the presence of Ca2+. A decrease in the Ca2+ level causes the cytochrome P-450 to open the plasma membrane and release Ca2+ channels.

Calcium channels

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