The question of virginity testing in Turkey

Article Abstract:

Medical virginity testing, that is, hymen examination or perineum examination, is common in Turkey for women suspected, by virtue of the wedding night and its experiences, of having participated in premarital sex. The woman is typically very reluctant to undergo the exam and her family is typically trying to defend its honor in taking her to a physician. A woman's family and societal norms put pressure on her to be a virgin when she marries, but there is no such pressure for men. For the medical profession and for society in Turkey as a whole, ethical problems arise from this practice, since the duty of a physician may be considered protecting the healthy and giving treatment to the unwell.

Turkey, Social aspects, Physicians, Medical professions, Women's rights, Medical ethics, Bioethics, Premarital sex, Virginity

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Value, obligation and the asymmetry question

Article Abstract:

Stuart Rachel's views on the impact of quality of life on population policy involve a misguided assumption concerning the relation between good-making and bad-making properties and propositions about right-making and wrong-making ones. The author advocates the position that an action can be morally wrong which entails the asymmetry of a prima facie obligation not to give birth to those whose lives are not worth living, but no corresponding obligation to create additional individuals whose lives would be worth living.

Ethical aspects, Criticism and interpretation, Quality of life, Birth control, Rachels, Stuart

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Consequentialism, reasons, value and justice

Article Abstract:

Well-being instead of opportunism is a good basis for consideration of the value of health care. Opportunism, supported by John Harris, involves the notion that the benefit of medical care lies in giving an opportunity for the best and longest life that is possible for each person. Harris has argued that claims of some people are unduly neglected through utilitarianism. Some points are open to refutation using reasons-based maximizing consequentialism as opposed to Harris's opportunism.

Analysis, Health care rationing, Utilitarianism, Distributive justice, Consequentialism (Ethics), Harris, John

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