Back with a vengeance: proxy war in Afghanistan

Article Abstract:

Outside powers have intervened in Afghanistan's four-year civil war because the war's outcome is likely to influence regional politics as well as Islamic fundamentalism's spread in the Middle East, Central Asia and India. Iran, Russia and India back President Burhanuddin Rabbani because of a fear of Islamic fundamentalism's spread, while Pakistan and some Arab Gulf states back the Islamic fundamentalist Taliban movement. The US has not exerted pressure on these countries through the UN Security Council to stop interference, dismaying the Afghan public and the UN mediator. The civil war is likely to continue.

Afghanistan, Military aspects

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Pakistan: on a knife-edge of uncertainty

Article Abstract:

Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto's government was dismissed from office by President Farooq Leghari on Nov 5, 1996. Leghari, whose actions were supported by the military and judiciary, pledged new elections would be held on Feb 3, 1997. During Bhutto's three years in office, Pakistan's traditional political elite showed itself unable to provide good government. Pakistan's economy is near bankruptcy and may default on its foreign debt. Islamic fundamentalist parties are gaining support and engineered the Oct 27-28, 1996 demonstrations in Islamabad that brought down the government.

Evaluation, Political activity, Pakistan, Islam and politics, Islam, Bhutto, Benazir, Leghari, Farooq

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Islam: promise or peril?

Article Abstract:

Islamism in the Horn of Africa represents no destabilizing danger, and in the right circumstances it promotes stability. Many Western pundits predict the rise of Islamic fundamentalism as the next great external threat, but this is primarily in reaction to the decline of communism and socialism. The main axis of social division in the Horn is ethnic rivalry, which does not coincide with religious differences. In those places where Islam already is the dominant religion and social order is failing, Islamic fundamentalism helps.

Ethnic relations, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Djibouti

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