Troube for oil

Article Abstract:

The author suggests that demonstrations throughout Europe in 2000 to protest against the increase in oil taxes had as significant economic and social implications as the energy shortages of 1973, 1979 and the price collapse of 1986, and influenced the decisions made in response to this crises. Truck drivers complained that the high government taxation prevented them from earning an income, and they achieved a wide support because everybody would benefit from a reduction in fuel taxes; the government, however, was effected by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries' (OPEC) inability to manage their prices due to the collapse in demand and then subsequent increase by Asian markets, the re-entry into the market by Iraqi oil and increased quotas by OPEC itself, causing a gridlock in the markets.

Management, Taxation, Energy policy, Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, Demonstrations and protests, Fuel, Fuels

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Who really wants a climate agreement anyway?

Article Abstract:

Issues concerning the differences between the US and the European Union regarding global climate policy, particularly the US rejection of the Kyoto Protocol, are examined, focusing on the need for both sides to take a realistic view of the strengths and weaknesses of the Protocol. Topics include importance Europeans place on climate change, US energy problems, US claims that the Protocol will disadvantage the US, and the process by which international agreements may best be formed.

United States, World, Political aspects, Climatic changes, Climate change, Global temperature changes

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Nice work

Article Abstract:

This article discusses negotiations for the European Union's Treaty of Nice, in December 2000. The purpose of the treaty is to prepare the Union for enlargement, focusing on reform of institutions and the impact of majority voting on social policy, taxation, justice, structural funds and home policies.

Planning, International aspects, European Union, International relations, Social change

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