Modeling the effects of expectations on recognition memory

Article Abstract:

A study using a mathematical memory model indicates that the impact of expectations on recognition memory can be most effectively predicted by integration theory. Distortion theory and weighting theory perform less well in such predictions. Integration theory can also supply an explanation in a single framework for manipulations reinforcing expectations effects, such as boosting expectation strength. The simulations involved memory-based tasks, as opposed to on-line tasks. Though other processing mechanisms could be included in this framework, it appears that only integration theory is able to provide an explanation for the way expectations affect recognition memory where study conditions are at their simplest.

Case studies, Psychological research

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Implicit memory in the tactile modality: evidence from Braille stem completion in the blind

Article Abstract:

The tactile modality exhibits implicit memory in the form of tactile priming, which is parallel to the priming in the visual and the auditory modalities. Blind subjects, tested with a Braille analogue of the stem-completion task, show priming effect in the tactile modality. However, repeated presentations of stimuli fail to affect the tactile stem completion. The tactile priming involves a tactile component and a cross-modal component, as is true with other modalities. The results suggest the presence of similar priming properties in all the three modalities.

Psychological aspects, Touch, Blind, Priming (Psychology), Reading and writing for the blind

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The loss of positional certainty in long-term memory

Article Abstract:

The loss of retention over time of the placement of an item on a short list is examined. The subjects of the study were 144 undergraduates. The time intervals ranged between 30 seconds to 24 hours. The results conformed to the theory that positional certainty of an item declined over time. A forgetting curve was constructed to illustrate this result. The findings of the study support for various models that deal with forgetting.

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