East European aid to Asian developing countries: the legacy of the Communist era

Article Abstract:

Eastern Europe's severe reduction of aid to developing countries is a result of the shift in the former Communist countries' to democracy. Eastern Europe is expected to seek economic and technological relations with middle-income countries in East and Southeast Asia and the Americas, which before were not possible because of political aversion. Foreign aid can thus be utilized to gain strategic cooperation, rather than for its previous use of promoting liberation to spread socialism.

Eastern Europe, Political aspects, Economic assistance, Foreign economic assistance

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Harbouring traditions in East Timor: marginality in a lowland entrepot

Article Abstract:

The article uses narrative traditions and documentary evidence to examine the shifting historical fortunes and cultural practices of the isolated port of Com, on the northeast coast of Timor. The dependence of this marginalized outpost on others to become a prosperous center of inter-island and trans-local trade network again is discussed.

Usage, Evaluation, History, East Timor, Oriental literature, Asian literature, Narrative perspectives

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Shipping and trade in Java, c. 1775: a quantitative analysis

Article Abstract:

An analysis of harbormasters' specifications in Java in the 1770s produces an understanding of the circulation of maritime traffic and of trade goods. There was a widespread adoption of European naval technology, in types of ships and armaments. In the private sector the role of Chinese captains overshadowed that of indigenous Javanese.

Indonesia, Shipping industry, 18th century AD, Java (Programming language), Java

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