Rural credit in Ming-Qing Jiangnan and the concept of peasant petty commodity production

Article Abstract:

The rural credit market of Ming-Qing Jiangnan in China served positive purposes by helping peasant petty commodity production to cast off the negative effects of population pressure on land and high rent rates. It provided the peasants with opportunities to supplement their income by combining agriculture with mulberry growing, silkworm raising, and silk production. The positive roles of the Jiangnan credit system, despite high rates of interest, show that rural credit systems in traditional agrarian societies are not always an obstacle to rural development.

Social aspects, Economic aspects, Rural development, Peasantry, Peasant culture, Credit market, Credit markets, Rural areas

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Empire in the Southwest: early Qing reforms to the native chieftain system

Article Abstract:

Emperor Yongzheng resolved to abolish the native chieftainships in southwest China in favour of administrative control in 1728. The move was met with criticism on the grounds that it would aggravate relationships with non-Han people in the region. An overview of the native chieftain system is given, together with details of early Qing reforms, postwar reconstruction polices, and the development of violence between chieftains.

Indigenous peoples

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Guarding Beijing's food security in the Qing dynasty: State, market and police

Article Abstract:

Beijing as China's imperial capital, has been able to feed its population in spite of its unfavorable geographical location. This was a question of survival and the achievement of the Qing dynasty in maintaining Beijing's food supply sharply contrasts with the fat of Paris in the eighteenth century. The state's objective was to provision the entire population to preserve the security of the capital.

Safety and security measures, Food, Food safety

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