Colloidal fouling of reverse osmosis membranes: measurements and fouling mechanisms

Article Abstract:

Colloidal fouling of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes appears to be governed by an interplay between permeation drag and electric double layer repulsion and not by chemical interactions. Results from fouling experiments show that permeation drag controls the rate and extent of colloidal fouling. Membrane surface morphology, however, was also found to have a significant effect on colloidal fouling. The pronounced roughness of the surface of the composite membranes has caused the higher fouling propensity of composite polyamide RO membranes.

Water Supply and Irrigation Systems, Water supply, Desalted Water, Research, Desalination, Saline water conversion, Sea-water, Seawater, Desalinated water, Reverse osmosis

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Small is different: shape-, size-, and composition-dependent properties of some colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals

Article Abstract:

Interesting properties in different colloidal semiconductor nanoparticles, such as the electronic relaxation rates as spherical nanoparticles change to nanorods, and the changes in the structure or size of very small nanoparticles upon absorbing strongly bound molecules are described. The difference in the interfacial crossing rates of electrons and holes in a composite Nan structure is explained.

Molecular structure, Structure

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It's a small, small, small, small world

Article Abstract:

Nanotechnology is the science of rearranging atoms and molecules. The technology will lead to the development of stronger, lighter, cheaper cleaner, more accurate and more intelligent products. Theoretical and computational models show that the molecular manufacturing systems needed for the technology do not violate existing physical law and can thus be made.

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