Fallacies in ecological risk assessment practices

Article Abstract:

Several misconceptions have been created in ecological risk assessment due to a lack of concurrence on a framework that extends across science and policy formation. These false notions profess that a "sentinel" species can be suitably utilized for environmental protection; chronic toxicity data are more appropriate than acute data for regulatory intents; and that controlled experimental data can be estimated unerringly to the field. The notions hold no scientific validity with regards to representativeness, variability, and deficiency in ecological information which necessitates the creation of a policy that would address environmental issues.

Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences, Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs, Ecological Sciences, Environmental Programs, Analysis, Environmental impact analysis, Environmental sciences, Environmental policy, Environmental policy research

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Kinetic modeling of manganese(II) oxidation by chlorine dioxide and potassium permanganate

Article Abstract:

Manganese(II) (MnII) is the most stable of the oxidation states of manganese. The effects of chlorine dioxide and potassium permanganate on the oxidation of MnII were studied. Initial concentrations of MnII in water treatment were examined, along with temperature and pH. The oxidation reactions were complete in less than 30 seconds. The data were simulated through the use of a kinetic model. The components of the model included surface oxidation mechanisms, solution-phase oxidation and adsorption.

Models, Manganese, Manganese (Metal), Oxidation-reduction reaction, Oxidation-reduction reactions, Chemical reaction, Rate of, Chemical kinetics

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Dry deposition and heavy acid loading in the vincinity of Masaya Volcano, a major sulfur and chlorine source in Nicaragua

Article Abstract:

The spatial pattern of the acid dry depositions from the Masaya Volcano in Nicaragua were examined to determine the sulphur dioxide deposition rates. The results showed that volcano emissions have a significant impact on acid deposition downwind and in turn cause extreme acid loading of the local ecosystems.

Nicaragua, Environmental aspects, Volcanoes, Volcanic gases

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