Criterion-related validation for small sample contexts: an integrated approach to synthetic validity

Article Abstract:

The criterion-related validation strategy is not well suited for small businesses because it requires sample sizes larger than those that are available. On the basis of an integration and extension of three past synthetic validity models, we developed an alternative criterion-related model that requires smaller sample sizes. The method we developed borrows substantially from these former models by (a) deriving worker-oriented job elements via the Position Analysis Questionnaire, (b) assessing test-job element relationships in a direct, empirical fashion that is feasible in a local setting, and (c) providing an overall summary statistic in the form of a Pearson correlation that expresses the degree of relation between a battery of tests and a system of performance evaluations. This integrated approach to synthetic validation deviates from these former models, however, by altering the order of validation and aggregation. Sampling theory and matrix algebra are used to show that the order of validation and aggregation need not be fixed, and field data taken from 83 employees of a small chemical company are used to illustrate how the process can be applied in an actual setting. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Usage, Small business, Criterion-referenced tests, Criterion referenced tests

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Variance homogeneity in interactive regression: a clarifying note about data transformation

Article Abstract:

A data transformation recently used by Stone and Hollenbeck (1989) is based on a faulty premise and should not be considered in future analysis. Specifically, the authors mistakenly equate the homoscedasticity assumption in regression analysis with the notion that subgroup variances need to be equal. We demonstrate that subgroup variances in regression can be legitimately different, owing to true main effects and interactions in the data. Therefore, any transformation addressing these differential subgroup variances may unwittingly remove true effects of the independent variables. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Regression analysis, Psychology, Applied, Applied psychology

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