Measuring the convergence of the EC economies

Article Abstract:

Full economic convergence within the European Community must precede political integration, to avoid the high costs of inflation-unemployment disparties. Attention has been too focused on nominal monetary convergence (the European Monetary System), at the expense of real convergence (the European Monetary Union and the Single Market). Measures of convergence using both cross-sectional and time-series data are constructed to provide some basis for performance. Convergence of exchange rates indicates that interest rates may diverge for some time, with considerable costs.

Europe, European Monetary System, International economic integration, Economic integration, European Community

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Temporary cycles or volatile trends? Economic fluctuations in 21 OECD economies

Article Abstract:

Analysis of the annual data on real and nominal GDP covering the years 1960 to 1980 for 21 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development economies reveals that these countries exhibit equally temporary demand fluctuation and permanent supply changes. The supply trend changes appreciably with time because of the potential of a fixed level of supply.

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

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Functional fragmentation and the location of multinational firms in the enlarged Europe

Article Abstract:

Decentralization of various departments in multinational corporations and the importance of location selection is discussed by focusing on European Union.

Europe, Management dynamics, Multinational Corporations, Decentralized Organization, Management, International business enterprises, Company business management, Decentralization (Management)

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