Urbanization patterns: European versus less developed countries

Article Abstract:

The urbanization trend in less-developed countries is compared with that in Europe. The difference has to do with the relation of the tendency for urban agglomeration to transport costs, increasing returns to scale, and labor migration. A model explains why majority of the world's giant metropolises are situated in the less developed countries whereas a comparatively small share of the urban population resides in the largest cities in Europe.

Economics, Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities, Analysis, Europe, Urbanization

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Micro- and aggregate perspectives on life table heterogeneity: an empirical investigation of area mortality

Article Abstract:

The application of micro-level life table analysis to determine area mortality is compared with results of aggregate life tables. Parametric age hazards and unobserved heterogeneity are integrated into the observation process. Survivor function, mortality level and age gradient analytic forms conditioned the effect of heterogeneity. However, uniform expectancy reductions are absent for both micro-level and aggregate models.

Research, Models, Mortality, Life expectancy

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The political-economic causes of change in the ecological footprints of nations, 1991-2001: A quantitative investigation

Article Abstract:

A study to test a series of hypotheses concerning the political-economic causes of change in per capita consumption-based environmental aspects is conducted. The results indicate that more-developed countries experienced greater increases than less-developed countries in their per capita consumption-based environmental aspects from 1991-2001.

Industrialized Countries, Developing Countries, Environmental aspects, Comparative analysis, Consumption (Economics), Industrial nations

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