Citizenship and the nation-state

Article Abstract:

A major factor contributing to worldwide communal conflict is the equation of the state with the nation. As new states are being formed and border lines redrawn, citizenship has been placed at risk. Many governments are committing discriminate acts against some of their non-native citizens. The idea behind such acts is to attain ethnic homogeneity even at violent costs. The chaos resulting from these efforts to gain ethnic purity only suggests that the worldwide trend to emphasize collective interests over individual rights can provoke a violent explosion of ethnic grievances.

Political activity, Minorities, Nationalities, Principle of, Communalism

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Reading the shopping mall city

Article Abstract:

Three aspects of shopping malls were analyzed. Visitors have ascribed a different purpose to malls which is different from their intended function. Shopping malls have also particularly attracted women because of the social discrimination that the latter have been subjected to. Moreover, malls have become representative of popular culture and can best be understood when considered as a microcosm of a city where the visitors are free to experience many things.

Social aspects, Shopping centers, City and town life, Urban life

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