Extortion and blackmail

Article Abstract:

The fund-raising activities of the Ulster Defence Assn and the Ulster Volunteer Force in the 1990s are examined. To meet their constant need for funds, especially during the implementation of the 1994 cease-fires, loyalist paramilitary groups in the Northern Ireland resorted to extortion and blackmail which proved to be effective methods of fund-raising. However, the fluid nature of the functional divisions within these groups resulted in widespread corruption.

Terrorism, Ulster Defence Association, Ulster Volunteer Force (Northern Ireland)

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Drink, drugs, and rock'n'roll: financing loyalist terrorism in Northern Ireland - part two

Article Abstract:

Terrorist groups in Northern Ireland rely on various methods to raise money to commit their acts. Groups loyal to Great Britain, called loyalists, use drinking clubs, armed robberies, sale of drugs, loan sharking, counterfeiting and rackets as means to raise funds. The emergence of the Loyalist Volunteer Force is examined.

Analysis, Terrorists, Allegiance, Allegiance (Law)

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The myth of Ulsterization in British security policy in Northern Ireland

Article Abstract:

This article addresses British security policy in Northern Ireland. The author discusses the 'Ulsterization' of security in which the British government handed over security to local law enforcement, maintaining 'Ulsterization' is actually demilitarization.

Management dynamics, Police Protection, Law Enforcement & Crime Prevntn, Justice & Safety, Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities, Management, Evaluation, Law enforcement, Company business management, National security, Demilitarized zones

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