How individualists interpret behavior: idiocentrism and spontaneous trait inference

Article Abstract:

The influence of cultural background on behavior interpretation is confirmed by the result of two experiments. The first experiment, conducted on male psychology students, used a cued recall procedure to express the effect of idiocentrism on behavior interpretation. Individualists' idiocentrism was found to affect personality trait inference. Collectivists were forced to base behavior interpretations on situational environment rather than purely on personality traits. The second experiment, which employed an alternative reaction time measure, supported these postulations. Cross-cultural factors are acknowledged to produce variations in behavior interpretation.

Students

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I know what you know: assumptions about others' knowledge and their effects on message construction

Article Abstract:

Interpersonal communications and estimation of listener's knowledge regarding message formulation is discussed. The authors examine whether or not message formulation is affected by the assumption of the speaker regarding the listener's knowledge, and argue knowledge estimation of the listener by the speaker is usually accurate and message formulation is influenced by culture.

Research, Interpersonal communication, Intercultural communication

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Goals change when life's fragility is primed: Lessons learned from older adults, the September 11 attacks and SARS

Article Abstract:

Key theoretical postulates were tested under naturalistic conditions by examining social goals before and after the September 11 attack and throughout the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong. Results reveal that sociocultural events that presumably prime the fragility of life increase motivation to derive emotional meaning from life in both the young and old.

Public affairs, Social aspects, Aged, Elderly, Analysis, Stress (Psychology), Time perspective

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