A nutrient-sensing pathway regulates leptin gene expression in muscle and fat

Article Abstract:

The 'satiety' protein leptin is encoded by the obesity (ob) gene and is produced and release in response to enhanced energy storage in adipose tissue. However, how the ob gene senses the energy influx is unclear. A new study suggests that the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, which mediates the effect of glucose on genes, is one candidate for the role. Glucosamine induces leptin gene expression in both fat and skeletal muscles and may be the biochemical link between leptin expression and increased availability of nutrients.

Genetic aspects, Leptin, Adipose tissues, Adipose tissue, Glucose metabolism

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Hypothalamic K(sub ATP) channels control hepatic glucose production

Article Abstract:

The activation of ATP-sensitive potassium [K(sub ATP)] channels in the mediobasal hypothalamus is sufficient to lower blood glucose levels through inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis. The findings suggest that activation of hypothalamic K(sub ATP) channels normally restrains hepatic gluconeogenesis.

Gluconeogenesis, Hypothalamic hormones

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Defective tryptophan catabolism underlies inflammation in mouse chronic granulomatous disease

Article Abstract:

A study to examine a superoxide-dependent step in tryptophan catabolism that leads to acute inflammatory lung injury in humans is conducted. Results show that defective tryptophan catabolism leads to inflammation in mouse chronic granulomatous disease.

Physiological aspects, Tryptophan

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