Activity-dependent long-term enhancement of transmitter release by presynaptic 3',5'-cyclic GMP in cultured hippocampal neurons

Article Abstract:

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-dependent long term potentiation at synapses can be reliably produced between individual hippocampal pyramidal neurons in culture using presynaptic 3',5'-cyclic GMP. Guanylyl cyclase or cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase-inhibition blocks potentiation by either low-frequency stimulation together with post-synaptic depolarization or tetanic stimulation. Conversely, the addition of an 8-Br-cGMP to the bath or injection of cGMP into the presynaptic neuron increases transmitter release and so produces activity-dependent long term potentiation.

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Imaging terminals of Aplysia sensory neurons demonstrates role of enhanced Ca2+ influx in presynaptic facilitation

Article Abstract:

The modulation of potassium or calcium ion (Ca+) channels has been linked to presynaptic facilitation but its direct impact is difficult to determine. An analysis of transmitter release in the synapses between Aplysia sensory and motor neurons provides some evidence for the involvement of the ion channels. The Ca+ influx into dihydropyridine (DHP) insensitive Ca+ channels correlates with presynaptic facilitation produced by 5-hydroxytryptamine while influx into DHP sensitive channels appears to help maintain a constant level of release for extensive activity.

Ion channels, Neuroplasticity

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A role for Cajal-Retzius cells and reelin in hippocampal connections

Article Abstract:

Reelin and Cajal-Retzius cells are essential for the development of layer-specific hippocampal connections. Results of experiments where the entorhinohippocampal pathway was reconstituted using organotypic co-cultures show that Reelin is essential for the early branching and extension of entorhinohippocampal axons. The Reelin gene is involved in axonal growth and in neuronal migration. Results also indicate that Cajal-Retzius cells are required for the attraction and layer-specific targeting of developing entorhinohippocampal afferents.

Axons

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