Apoptosis and increased generation of reactive oxygen species in Down's syndrome neurons in vitro

Article Abstract:

Fetal Downs Syndrome (DS) neurons produce high levels of reactive oxygen species, causing neuronal apoptosis. Enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may cause abnormal brain growth and mental retardation during DS. Analyses of human neurons derived from 16-19 weeks' gestation fetal DS and normal cerebral cortex indicate that apoptotic cells increase from 7-14 days. Cortical neurons from age-matched normal brain and fetal DS undergo normal differentiation in culture. DS neurons reveal membrane blebbing, DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation.

Cell death, Down syndrome

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Practising orientation identification improves orientation coding in V1 neurons

Article Abstract:

Research describing the neuronal effects of orientation identification is presented. In particular it is demonstrated that in monkeys improved behavioral performance is linked to the improved performance of trained neurons.

Methods, Brain research, Animal behavior

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Identification of sleep-promoting neurons in vitro

Article Abstract:

The preoptic area of the brain is thought to contain the neurons responsible for the onset of sleep. A new study identifies and describes the sleep-promoting neurons in vitro.

Physiological aspects, Prosencephalon, Sleep

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