How to build a longer beak

Article Abstract:

The diverse beak shapes of several Darwin's finch species are studied by comparing their development at the molecular level, and it is found that variations in calcium-dependent molecular signaling during development are involved in the evolution of the various beak shapes in the finches. A gene that encodes a protein called calmodulin (CaM) that is more highly expressed in the long and pointed beaks of cactus finches than in other species is identified, confirming their association.

Physiological aspects, Genetic aspects, Darwin's finches, Beak

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A plea for diversity

Article Abstract:

Joan Roughgarden expresses her views on the enormous variety of gender roles and sexual behaviors that are present in the animal kingdom, which forms the central theme of her book, 'Evolution's Rainbow'. Her thesis is that this diversity undermines the generality of Darwin's prevailing theory of gender roles and sexual selection.

Works, Social behavior in animals, Animal social behavior, Zoology, Animal taxonomy, Animal social behaviour, Roughgarden, Joan

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Absolute negative particle mobility

Article Abstract:

The effects of noise on technological applications has so far been a nuisance, however this is exploited and used to an advantage by means of application in transporting and sorting of particles and biomolecules. A system is used to demonstrate migration mechanism in which brownian particles always move in opposite direction.

Analysis, Biomolecules, Brownian motion, Acoustic properties

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