Intense hydrolytic enzyme activity on marine aggregates and implications for rapid particle dissolution

Article Abstract:

Marine snow and other organic aggregates serve as sites for activities of hydrolytic enzymes that dissolve the aggregates, probably by binding to the cell surface and releasing enzymes from bacteria attached to the aggregates. This biochemical model suggests that 'uncoupled' hydrolysis effects the large-scale movement of sinking oceanic organic matter to the the dissolved phase. Moreover, enzymatic hydrolysis may provide the degradable dissolved matter for downward export required by recent chemical oceanographic theories.

Environmental aspects, Enzymes, Hydrolysis, Chemical oceanography

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Accelerated dissolution of diatom silica by marine bacterial assemblages

Article Abstract:

Natural assemblages of marine bacteria were found to dramatically increase silica dissolution from lysed marine diatoms, compared to bacteria-free controls, in experiments. The rate of bacteria-mediated silicon regeneration varied with diatom type and bacterial assemblage. Bacteria-mediated silicon regeneration could therefore have critical control of diatom productivity and the fate of silicon and carbon in the ocean.

Observations, Marine bacteria, Diatoms

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A newly discovered Roseobacter cluster in temperate and polar oceans

Article Abstract:

The global distribution of a newly discovered cluster associated with the Roseobacter clade includes uncultured phylotypes and occur from temperate to polar regions. The global distribution of major marine bacterioplankton components is related to oceanic water masses and is controlled by their environmental and biogeochemical properties.

United States, Demographic aspects, Marine plankton, Plankton

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