Life at extremely low pH

Article Abstract:

Two newly discovered hyperacidophilic species of the coccoid genus have established a new record for a surviving organism at the lowest pH. Picrophilus oshimae and Picrophilus torridus, phylogenetically related to T. acidophilum, can survive at a pH of -0.06 and temperatures of 20 degrees Celsius but find a pH 0.7 and 60 degrees Celsius optimal. Previously, pH 0.4 was the lowest possible pH for bare survival with pH 1.8 to 2 as optimal. Whether the two Picrophilus organisms survive through a low proton membrane permeability or a strong proton pump is still unknown.

Habitat (Ecology), Eukaryotic cells, Cells (Biology), Eukaryotes, Habitats, Hydrogen-ion concentration

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Independent virus development outside a host

Article Abstract:

An exceptional property of a newly discovered Acidianus two-tailed virus (ATV), which infects a hyperthermophilic archaeon growing in acidic hot springs, is described. The instance of independent morphological development by ATV outside its host cell under exceptional environmental conditions reveals that viruses might be even more biologically sophisticated than earlier recognized.

United States, Science & research, Bacteria, Thermophilic, Archaeabacteria, Thermophiles, Archaea

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Gene capture in archaeal chromosomes

Article Abstract:

Research is presented concerning the integration of various genetic elements into chromosomes of Archaea. The distinction of this process with that of the mechanisms used by bacteria is discussed.

Analysis, Genetic aspects, Bacteria, Chromosomes, Genetic research

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