Mad connection to the nucleus

Article Abstract:

Proteins encoded by the Mothers against decapentaplegic (Mad) genes transduct signals of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta proteins from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. The complete protein encoded by the human Mad homologue induces transcription in cells containing bone-morphogenetic-protein (BMP) type I and II receptors and treated with BMP4. This induction is due to the binding of ligands to the receptors of BMP which is a subfamily of TGF-beta. Variation in the response of cells to TGF-beta proteins is due to signal transduction by specific Mad proteins.

Reports, Physiological aspects, Proteins, Genetic regulation, Genetic transcription, Transcription (Genetics), Transforming growth factors

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Synexpression groups in eukaryotes

Article Abstract:

Groups of co-regulated eukaryotic genes are reviewed and their functional significance and relationship to other areas of the modular genetic architecture are examined. The focus is on the evolutionary implications of coordinate gene expression. Synexpression groups reflect a functional compartmentalization of the eukaryote genome, with striking parallels to the prokaryote operon.

Eukaryotic cells, Cells (Biology), Eukaryotes

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Solving a sticky problem

Article Abstract:

Research is presented describing the study of development biology and the role of the Wnt protein family in triggering cell adhesion pathways using heterotrimeric G protein adaptors.

Genetic engineering, Molecular biology, Cell adhesion, Biological response modifiers

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