Mediterranean vegetation, lake levels and palaeoclimate at the Last Glacial Maximum

Article Abstract:

Pollen evidence suggests that the paleoclimate of the Mediterranean during the Last Glacial Maximum was semi-arid while geomorphological data suggest high lake levels. Using a water-balance model to predict runoff catchment and a biome model to predict vegetation, type the paleoenvironment of Lake Ioannina may be reconstructed. The reconstruction features wet winters and dry summers. Several atmospheric models have the jet stream shifted to the south and the summer drying effects of the cold North Atlantic may have been seasonally reversed by increased storm frequency.

Models, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology

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Primary production in the glacial North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans

Article Abstract:

Primary production during the last glacial period was similar in the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans. Examination of sedimentary deposits of the period shows similar diatom assemblages in both oceans and this may be extrapolated to primary production. This implies that North Atlantic plankton biomass was at least as high as it is today and that in the North Pacific it was possibly an order of magnitude greater. Physical mechanisms such as those resulting from the migration of icebergs through the area may account for these levels of primary production.

North Atlantic Ocean, Marine productivity, North Pacific Ocean

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Green sea, black mud

Article Abstract:

Vast areas of the eastern equatorial Pacific have been found to be covered by floating mats of diatom algae, their deposition occuring repeatedly, and probably periodically, between fifteen million and about four and a half million years ago. The laminated sediments were formed under reducing conditions, so that the organic matter was not oxidized and remained at relatively high concentrations. Moreover, it is suggested that the dense meshwork prevented burrowing organisms from penetrating the sediments, thus limiting oxygen exchange.

Natural history, Diatoms, Pacific Area, Sediments (Geology), Diatomaceous earth

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