Shocking states of matter

Article Abstract:

Studies on the effect of high temperature and pressure on hydrogen indicate that solid hydrogen prefers low energy states. Researchers at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory developed a method of producing high pressures by bouncing a shock-wave back and forth off the walls of the cell holding a hydrogen sample to increase the pressure without destroying the cell. Metallization is prevented by a re-orientation of molecules as the pressure is increased. The solid form of hydrogen shows strong infrared absorption bands and bond weakening. Conductivity of fluid hydrogen, a liquid metal under these conditions, increases with pressure.

Usage, High temperatures, Shock waves, High pressure (Technology), High pressure technology

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Turning off the water

Article Abstract:

The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in high-pressure conditions and at ambient temperature produces a kinetically stable compound instead of water. This stable compound with a stoichiometry near (H2)4(O2)3 is present in the binary phase of the system. The combustion reaction between H2 and O2 in high pressure conditions has useful applications for energy technology and for fundamental chemistry.

Combustion research, Water

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Solid oxygen takes shape

Article Abstract:

Two research groups have established that another form of oxygen, best described as (O2)4, appears under high-pressure conditions. The epsilon-phase of oxygen appears near 10 GPa at room temperature and shows remarkable optical properties.

Science & research, Washington, Oxygen, Industrial Gas Manufacturing, Industrial gases, Electric properties, X-rays, X-ray diffraction, Optical properties, Structure

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