Synapses get smarter

Article Abstract:

Long term potentiation strengthens the response to the first stimulus and reduces synaptic response to subsequent stimuli at the cortical excitatory synapse. Introduction of calcium in the presynaptic terminal triggers a short-term depression at the peripheral synapse resulting in a reduced number of vesicles. Short term synaptic dynamics is inversely proportional to the firing rate, which makes the postsynaptic neuron more sensitive. Cortical neurons in the visual cortex respond to visual stimuli, thereby making the cerebral cortex react intelligently.

Analysis, Calcium, Calcium (Chemical element), Visual cortex, Synapses, Higher nervous activity

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Time for a new neural code?

Article Abstract:

John Hopfield has suggested a new theory about recognition of sound source and the pattern of the neuron spikes in that individual objects in the multidimensional space of a sensory stimulus can be located by the relative timing of spikes between cortical neurons.Hopfield has suggested that the relative timing of spikes encodes information logarithmically, allowing it to swiftly transverse the neuron population, while the information is then decoded by the cortical neurons into a computationally flexibility radial basis function representation.

Pattern recognition, Pattern recognition (Computers), Hearing

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Bee foraging in uncertain environments using predictive hebbian learning

Article Abstract:

A study of foraging honeybees identifies an odor-processing neuron, VUMmx1, in the bee's brain. A model simulating a three-dimensional world is used as a visual input for analyzing the process of bee learning by rewards during conditioning experiments. The bee learns to expect nectar by stimulation of the neuron. Alterations in actions and regulation of synaptic plasticity are possible via neuromodulatory effects.

Behavior, Honeybee, Bees, Neuroplasticity

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