The amazing demethylase

Article Abstract:

DNA methylation is important in repression of gene expression during mammalian development. Bhattacharya and colleagues have cloned a previously unknown gene that codes for a protein that can catalyze demethylation through the direct removal of methyl groups from 5-methyl-cytosine residues in DNA. Preliminary data suggested that 5-methyl-cytosine may react with water to produce cytosine and methanol. Jost's laboratory has also characterized a highly purified glycosylase, and Weiss and colleagues have determined activity in crude cell extracts undertaking demethylation by a type of dinucleotide-exchange reaction.

Observations, Gene expression, Methylation

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Structural basis for recognition and repair of the endogenous mutagen 8-oxoguanine in DNA

Article Abstract:

8-oxoguanine (oxoG) is generated by spontaneous oxidation of guanine residues in DNA. OxoG gives rise to a G.C-T.a transversion, which is a common somatic mutation in human cancers, when mispaired with adenine during replication. The x-ray structure of the catalytic core of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (hoGG1) is reported, showing a mechanistic basis for recognition and catalytic excision of DNA damage by hOGG1.

Guanine

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Structural basis for cofactor-independent dioxygenation in vancomycin biosynthesis

Article Abstract:

The first structure of an enzyme of cofactor-independent oxygenases class in complex with a bound substrate mimic is presented. The results resolved the complex chemistry of DpgC, thus providing information regarding the general mechanism of enzymatic oxygen activation.

Science & research, Vancomycin, Bacteria, Aerobic, Aerobic bacteria, Oxidation-reduction reaction, Oxidation-reduction reactions, Metal ions, Chemical properties, Report

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