Three-dimensional brittle shear fracturing by tensile crack interaction

Article Abstract:

The elastic stress around tensile microcracks in three dimensions promotes a mutual interaction that produces brittle shear lanes oriented obliquely to the remote principal stresses, and can therefore account for observed polymodal fault patterns. An improved understanding of brittle shear failure in three dimensions has important implications for earthquake seismology and rock-mass stability, as well as fluid migration in fractured rocks.

United States, Analysis, Strength of materials, Strength (Materials), Properties, Rocks, Fractures (Geology)

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A catfish that can strike its prey on land

Article Abstract:

The eel catfish, an inhabitant of the muddy swamps of tropical Africa, has a remarkable ability to forage and capture prey on land. The animal's capacity to bend its head down towards the ground while feeding seems to be an essential feature that may have enabled fish to make the transition from an aquatic to a terrestrial mode.

Africa, Finfish Fishing, Animal aquaculture, Catfish, Behavior, Food and nutrition, Catfishes, Foraging, Foraging (Animal feeding behavior)

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