The two faces of glutamate

Article Abstract:

Fiorillo and Williams have found that on metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) that was thought to be mainly excitatory, can cause a large inhibitory effect on release of glutamate. The inhibitory effect is generated with fast application of mGluR agonists, and it is proposed that the intracellular cascade that leads to inhibition, desensitizes rapidly. This indicates that depending on the kinetics of the stimulation, the same receptor can causes either excitatory or inhibitory effects.

Glutamate, Neural transmission, Synaptic transmission

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Anaesthetics set their sites on ion channels

Article Abstract:

The main inhibitory neurotransmitters in the spinal cord and brain are glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid and the function of their respective receptor brain proteins are enhanced by anaesthetics which reduce the functions of related receptors. Chimaeric constructs are used to support the theory that general anaesthetics are not nonspecific as previously thought.

Synapses, GABA, GABA receptors, Anesthetics

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