Enzymatic aspects of isoprenoid chain elongation

Article Abstract:

The enzymatic aspects of the chain elongation of isoprenoid compounds are discussed. Their biosynthesis support structurally diverse natural products determined by the action of a group of enzymes called prenyltransferases. The prenyl chain elongation reaction is characterized at discrete chain lengths based on the specificities of the enzymes. Prenyltransferases catalyzing the synthesis of (Z)-prenyl chains are correlated with the membrane fraction of bacterial cells and the microsomal fraction of eukaryotic cells.

Enzymes, Transferases

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Studies directed toward the synthesis of vancomycin and related cyclic peptides

Article Abstract:

The biaryl ether structures, K-13, and model C-O-D and D-O-E systems of vancomycin are obtained by the intra- and intermolecular S(sub N)Ar mechanisms mediated by aryl fluoride substitution with phenoxide. The intermolecular Ullmann reaction is appropriate for the cyclic peptides K-13 and OF-4949 analogous to vancomycin. Vancomycin of the dalbaheptide family has seven amino acids, five of which are aryl amino acids. Amino acids cross-linked to diphenyl ether are identified.

Vancomycin

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In/out isomerism

Article Abstract:

A survey of published literature concerning inside/outside isomerism in bridged bicyclic ring systems is presented. The review covers the stability of out,out-/in,out-/in,in-isomers with respect to the bridge length, in/out interconversion mechanisms and transannular interactions requiring inside bridgehead functionality. The phenomenon, which refers to the configuration of conformers, is inherent in the bridgehead substituent of some natural products.

Conformational analysis, Isomerism, Isomers (Chemistry)

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