Letting off steam
Article Abstract:
UK building regulations stipulate ventilation requirements. Insulation and draughtproofing fail if ventiliation is inadequate, causing condensation problems especially in kitchens and bathrooms. Fans are automatically installed in new buildings. They are either axial or centrifugal. Axial fans are cheaper but have a maximum volume. The right kind of ductwork is essential to allow the fan system to work efficiently. New regulations to be implemented in 1994 will include the use of passive stack ventilation which will be cheaper and more reliable.
Publication Name: Building
Subject: Construction and materials industries
ISSN: 0007-3318
Year: 1993
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Slateral thinking
Article Abstract:
There are three main types of protection for buildings from excessive sunlight and heat. External, fixed shades are cheap and durable but inflexible and unsuitable for high wind areas. Internal vertical glazing can be shaded by means of adjustable blinds of which there are many styles and materials. Curved glazing requires more complex shading systems such as Colt International's Helioscreen. This glass fibre mesh can be operated automatically or manually. Heat shielding depends on the position of the mesh inside or outside the glass.
Publication Name: Building
Subject: Construction and materials industries
ISSN: 0007-3318
Year: 1992
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Vacuum cleaner
Article Abstract:
A Swedish company Evac has developed a vacuum sewage system which only uses 1 litre of water per flush as compared to the traditional gravity sewage systems which uses up to 9 litres. It is used for ocean liners and aeroplanes but has potential for use for locations below the main sewer connection. Flexibility is possible because of reduced pipework. The tank costs about 10,000 pounds sterling to install which services up to 50 toilets and each toilet costs 500 pounds sterling. The main problem is its susceptibility to blockages.
Publication Name: Building
Subject: Construction and materials industries
ISSN: 0007-3318
Year: 1993
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