Protein-protein interactions define specificity in signal transduction

Article Abstract:

Protein-protein interactions are responsible for signal transduction specificity according to this review article. Underlying biochemical mechanisms of specificity in signal transduction and the means for signaling molecules to act together to generate complex biological responses are discussed.

Physiological aspects, Proteins, Cell receptors

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The ShcA phosphotyrosine docking protein sensitizes cardiovascular signaling in the mouse embryo

Article Abstract:

ShcA is mainly expressed in the cardiovascular system in early mouse embryogenesis and regulates heart development and establishment of mature blood vessels. The ShcA phosphotyrosine docking protein has been found to sensitize cardiovascular signaling in mouse embryos. Biochemical analysis of mutant cells shows that ShcA sensitizes cells to growth factor-induced MAP kinase activation. It also organizes cytoskeleton rearrangement responding to extracellular matrix. ShcA may organize complex interactions in the vascular compartments by making cells agreeable to responding to soluble and adhesive external cues.

Genetic aspects, Cardiovascular system, Circulatory system, Protein tyrosine kinase, Protein-tyrosine kinase

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SPC4/PACE4 regulates a TFD(beta) signaling network during axis formation

Article Abstract:

SPC4, also known as PACE4, regulates a TFD(beta) signaling network in axis formation in the embryo. It has been found that some embryos that lack SPC4 develop situs ambiguus with left pulmonary isomerism or complex craniofacial malformations including cyclopia or both. Interactions between nodal and spc4 together with analysis of chimeric embryos suggest strongly that in A/P axis formation SPC4 acts mainly in the foregut.

United States, Abnormalities, Genetic regulation, Skull

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