French go for broke in Europe

Article Abstract:

Credit Lyonnais is currently undertaking long-term expansion in an effort to ensure its place as one of Euorpe's major commercial banks. Under the guidance of Jean-Yves Haberer, the French state-owned bank had aggressively increased its capital by 300% since 1987, ennabling the bank to service a larger corporate account base and invest heavily in the capital markets. Credit Lyonnais also has the most extensive European retail banking network, deriving 47% of its profits from non-French operations. Many problems accompany this growth strategy however, including a 125% rise in loan losses since 1990, large exposure in several financial controversies and a sluggish home economy. Despite much criticism, Credit Lyonnais continues to pursue pan-European universal banking without stockholder pressure, being backed by cheap government funds.

Commercial banks, not elsewhere classified, Banking industry, Management, International banking, Credit Lyonnais

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Breaching the frontiers of Eastern Europe

Article Abstract:

The European Community (EC) is increasing trade with the Soviet Union under the current atmosphere of perestroika. Since the EC and Comecon, the East Bloc trading system, formally recognized each other in June 1988, EC member countries have been enthusiastically sending trade delegations to Moscow. This has occurred in spite of continuing U.S. skepticism. West Germany now leads the way, having signed 25 joint ventures with the Soviets. The Soviets are removing traditional structure barriers to East-West trade by dismantling the Foreign Trade Ministry, loosening currency restrictions, and relaxing rules governing employment.

International trade, International aspects, Soviet Union, Foreign trade promotion, Perestroika

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Replanting Apples across Europe

Article Abstract:

Apple Computer Inc is increasing its presence and sales in Europe, with European sales expected to reach about $860 million in 1988, up from $467 million in 1987. Apple's European base is now growing faster than its American one, and the company has opened a $10 million research and development center in Paris that is to have 50 engineers by the end of 1989. The company is now considered an alternative for companies seeking something beyond IBM and its look-alikes.

Electronic computers, Computer industry, Marketing, AAPL, Information management, Western Europe, Apple Inc., Europe, Western

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