Review of the defence chemistry of coccinellids

Article Abstract:

The synthesis of alkaloids and a variety of chemical mechanisms in the body contributes to the defensive ability of coccinellid beetles, of which lady bugs are the best known. The aposematic odor and vivid color of some coccinellids is an indication of their chemical defense. In some cases, these beetles use compounds produced by other organisms for their defence. Eight alkaloids have been so far isolated from coccinellids. These beetles are the only natural source of alkaloids based on the azaphenalene skeleton. The isolation and detection of alkaloids, biosynthetic studies, and bioassay results of coccinellids are described.

Physiological aspects, Beetles, Ladybirds, Ladybugs, Alkaloids

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Analysis of selenium in body fluids: a review

Article Abstract:

Examination of different analytical procedures for the estimation of Se in human body fluids indicates that type of fluid decides the sampling and storage technique. Voltalization is minimum during acid digestion. Various techniques, including modern spectroscopic techniques, chromatographic techniques, neutron activation analysis and electrochemical methods, help estimate the level of Se in body fluids. Advantages of each method are discussed.

Selenium, Selenium (Chemical element), Body fluids

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Solvent density inhomogeneities in supercritical fluids

Article Abstract:

The fundamental nature of solvent density inhomogeneities in infinitely dilute supercritical fluid solutions was examined. Evidence for inhomogeneities resulting from dynamic measurements were analyzed. Studies that have been conducted supporting no density inhomogeneities were also discussed. In addition, the impact of fluctuations on local densities and dynamic solute processes were examined.

Solvents, Supercritical fluid extraction

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