Applied neural control in the 1990s

Article Abstract:

Neural prosthetic systems (NPS) have achieved successes in such forms as cardiac pacemakers, diaphragm pacers, and cochlear--auditory--stimulators; but the technology for solving neurological deficits issstill in its infancy. Current development trends in NPS include functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) of upper and lower extremities for such functions as grasping, maintaining muscle mass, and, even, limited walking by paralyzed patients. The cochlear prosthesis transforms sound acquired by microphone into electrical signals to stimulate the cochlear nerve, but significant improvements of speech signal processing are needed to improve speech recognition. Research and development is being performed on such subjects as: improved electrodes for stimulating nerves and recording nerve signals; interconnections; NPS encapsulation; improved command units; and force, touch, and position sensors.

Medical research, Neurophysiology, Trends, Strategic Planning, Applications, Prosthetics, State-of-the-Art

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Microwave diversity imaging and automated target identification based on models of neural networks

Article Abstract:

Simulations of neural network processing are combined with tomographic microwave diversity imaging (used to obtain sinogram representation-type target signatures) to generate a robust, super-resolved, distortion- and fault-tolerant recognition system that can correctly identify test targets with as little as 10 percent of the full sinogram data. The demand for automated recognition of radar targets through the use of signatures or representations is driven by insufficient radar cross section data in some instances, the need for speed, and cost effectiveness. The described technology may also obviate the need for large and expensive arrays for remote imaging, can reduce the time for aperture synthesis, and may enable identification from a single wide-band radar echo. Details of the development, architecture, functioning, and outlook for such neural network-based

Search and navigation equipment, Systems analysis, Neural networks, Cost benefit analysis, Radar, Microwaves, System Design, Object Recognition, Radar Systems, technical, Neural Network

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