Ethanol as vehicle fuel

Article Abstract:

Minnesota has started a program to reduce vehicle emissions by fostering the use of E85, which is 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline. The state leads the US in per capita ethanol consumption while producing about 6 million bbl/yr of ethanol from crops and waste materials. The program, sponsored by the Dept of Energy, has designated the Minneapolis-St Paul region as pilot area for using E85. Tim Gerlach, director of outdoor air programs for the American Lung Assn of Minnesota, has been designated as head of the program.

Government regulation, Minnesota, Ethanol, Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing

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Commercialization is set for a PVC-recycling process

Article Abstract:

Solvay will start using the Vinyloop PVC-recycling process at its plant in Ferrara, Italy, by the middle of 2001. The plant, a joint venture between five companies, will produce 8,500 mt/yr of resin from PVC scrap from electric and telephone cable. The Vinyloop process grinds plastic waste into small pieces and then mixed with a solvent made up of a ketone and undisclosed solvents. The solvent selectively dissolves PVC and its additives but other materials such as polyester and polyamides are not dissolved.

Production management, Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing, Belgium, Polyvinyl Chloride, Solvay S.A.

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Leaching metal ... for all it's worth

Article Abstract:

Three acid-pressure-leaching plants for processing nickel have started operations in Western Australia. These include Anaconda Nickel Ltd's Murrin Murrin plant, Centaur Mining and Exploration Ltd's Cawse plant and Preston Resources Ltd's Bulong plant. The three companies expect capital and operating costs to be 75% lower than other nickel producers employing conventional technology such as smelting.

Australia, New capacity, new plant construction, Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum), Nickel, Anaconda Nickel Ltd., Centaur Mining and Exploration Ltd.

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