Japan telecommunications at the crossroads

Article Abstract:

Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp (NTT) is the company formed in 1985 after the Japanese New Telecommunications Business Law caused the privatization of the former government-owned monopoly, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corp. The Telecommunications Business Law is intended to introduce competition, reduce charges and diversify services while still maintaining low-cost universal local service with NTT technological capacity. Since 1985 toll charges are still higher than the international standard, competition has not been successful with new services, and productivity is modest compared with other Japanese industries. Experts agree, however, that privatization of communications in the country has on the whole resulted in successfully expanding competition. The charge for long distance calls has dropped by at least 30 percent. Competition was introduced in long-line transmission, cellular service, value-added network services and customer premises equipment. New technological developments, such as a shift from the analog system to ISDN, create shifts in the competitive structure of communications.

Telephone Communication, Japan, Long distance telephone services, Market share, Nippon Telephone and Telegraph Corp., Privatization (Business), Telecommunications, Industry Analysis, Telecommunications Industry, Long-Distance Telephone Service, ISDN, ISDN (Network standards), Privatization

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Data communications

Article Abstract:

Data communications in 1992 were highlighted by the establishment of the ATM Forum which issued the ATM User-Network Interface specification, a key standards specification. Another 1992 highlight was the broadening of commercial utilization by Internet. Commercialization of Internet is making this a common way for data networking, with about 10,000 networks and over one million computers connected. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is the data packet switching mode that may become the standard of the future, beginning with local area networks in 1993. The ATM Forum has about 150 members that include stock brokerages, government departments, common carriers, vendors and universities. A typical ATM application could include wide-area networks and the synchronous optical network to provide the payload envelope necessary for the transmission of ATM cells.

Technological forecasting, Cover Story, Multimedia systems, Data communications, Telecommunications transmission technologies, Specifications, Business conditions, 1992 AD, Asynchronous Processes, Review of Past Year, Preview of Coming Year, International Organizations, Multimedia Technology

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