Evaluation of oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and topical tonofovir GS-7340 to protect infant macaques against repeated oral challenges with virulent Simian immunodeficiency virus

Article Abstract:

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of infant macaques is a useful animal model of pediatric HIV infection to evaluate the potential of chemoprophylactic regimens to reduce mother-to-infant transmission of HIV. Studies have revealed that topical administration of a low dose of the second-generation tenofovir prodrug GS-7340 did not have detectable prophylactic efficacy, while oral administration of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate lowered the infection rate at birth, but had lower efficacy against virus infection at 4 weeks of age.

Prevention, Causes of, HIV infection in children, Pediatric HIV infections, Disease transmission, Macaques

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The clinical benefits of tenofovir for simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques are larger than predicted by its effects on standard viral and immunologic parameters

Article Abstract:

A study focusing on a subset of infant macaques that were infected with highly virulent simian immunodeficiency (SIV) mac25, and for which prolonged tenofovir treatment failed to significantly suppress viral RNA levels in plasma is presented. It is further found that these tenofovir-treated animals have improved survival while untreated animals with similarly high viremia developed fatal immunodeficiency within 3-6 months.

Drug therapy

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Renal tubular dysfunction associated with tenofovir therapy: report of 7 cases

Article Abstract:

Seven cases of renal tubular injury in HIV infected patients receiving an antiretroviral regimen containing tenofovir were examined. It was found that proximal tubulopathy appears to be a rare adverse effect of long-term tenofovir therapy, in patients with low weight or mild preexisting renal impairment and that, regular monitoring of tubulopathy markers could lead to early detection of this dysfunction.

United States, Diagnosis, Kidney diseases

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