HIV prevalence in pregnant women in Europe: differences in assessment methods and prevalence levels across countries

Article Abstract:

The different methods used to determine prevalence levels of HIV infection among pregnant women should be taken into account when using the data. Monitoring the prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women is a useful and valid approach to monitoring the entire epidemic, but different methods may have different biases and produce different results. In much of Western Europe, data were gathered through anonymous unconnected surveys. In Central and Eastern Europe information was based on testing programs. Measurement of degree of improvement in prevention is dependent on data being accurate.

Evaluation, Statistics, HIV infections, Pregnancy, Health status indicators, HIV infection in pregnancy

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Distribution of the CCR5 gene 32-bp deletion in Europe

Article Abstract:

The distribution of the CCR5 delta 32 gene mutation in Europe indicates that the mutation originated in Northern Europe and spread from there to the Southern regions. CCR5 is one of the cell receptors HIV uses to enter and infect cells. People with the delta 32 gene mutation are more resistant to HIV infection than people with the regular gene. Researchers tested DNA samples from 2,522 people in 16 European countries for the CCR5 delta 32 gene mutation. The overall frequency of the mutation was 9%, but the figure ranged from 12% in the Netherlands to 1% in Corsica.

Gene mutations, Gene mutation, Genetic aspects, Cell receptors

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Seroepidemiology of the human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma viruses in Europe

Article Abstract:

A group of investigators and laboratories in Europe has established a formula for the screening of human T-cell leukemia/lymphomas virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II). The screening of four million Europeans provided data which showed that the occurrences of HTLV-I/II in blood donors was low. According to the data, immigrants to Europe may be spreading HTLV-I through sexual transmission to females and HTLV-II can be commonly a coinfection with HIV-I among intravenous drug users.

HTLV (Viruses), HTLV viruses

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