Twelve years' experience with national sharing of HLA-matched cadaveric kidneys for transplantation

Article Abstract:

The national kidney sharing program begun in 1987 by the United Network for Organ Sharing has led to improved survival rates among organ recipients. Under this program, donated kidneys are shipped anywhere they are needed as long as the donor and recipient are HLA-matched. Over 7,500 transplants have been performed as of September, 1999.

Evaluation, Organ transplant recipients, United Network for Organ Sharing

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High survival rates of kidney transplants from spousal and living unrelated donors

Article Abstract:

Kidneys transplanted from living unrelated donors appear to survive better than kidneys transplanted from cadavers even though kidneys from cadavers are usually a better tissue match. Three-year survival rates of transplanted kidneys were compared among kidneys donated by 368 spouses, 129 living unrelated donors, 3,368 parents, 1,984 tissue-matched siblings, 1,411 children of recipients, and 43,341 cadavers. Of the six antigens matched during tissue typing, grafts from spouses and unrelated donors averaged 4.1 mismatches and cadavers averaged 3.6. Despite this, the percentage of surviving transplants was lower in transplants from cadavers than for any other group. This was primarily because a higher percentage of kidneys from cadavers failed to function on the first day. This suggests that a higher percentage of kidneys from cadavers are damaged before transplant.

Physiological aspects, Homografts

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Transplantation of kidneys from donors whose hearts have stopped beating

Article Abstract:

Kidneys transplanted from donors whose hearts have stopped beating may survive about as well as those from donors with heartbeats. Most kidneys for transplant come from brain-dead donors with heartbeats. Researchers compared early function and survival of 229 kidneys from donors without heartbeats to 8,718 kidneys from donors with heartbeats. Kidneys from donors without heartbeats did not function as well initially, but more than 80% of both types of kidneys were functioning a year after surgery. Donors without heartbeats may provide much-needed kidneys for patients awaiting transplant.

Organ donors, Tissue donors

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