Courting justice: addressing gender bias in the judicial system

Article Abstract:

A proposal for addressing gender bias in the justice system combines a two-tiered standard for gender bias with proactive measures such as policy statements and educational efforts. The two-tiered standard includes a relatively low threshold for harm caused by the gender-biased behavior, followed by a more restrictive discourse-limiting tier. Sanctions would thus be applicable only in situations in which discourse is limited, as, for example, when a female attorney who has been subjected to bias is constrained by her duty to represent her client. The gender bias standard is reactive, however, and should be combined with proactive methods.

Courts, Judicial Administration, Social aspects, Sex discrimination, Discrimination in justice administration, Justice discrimination

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The forum non conveniens doctrine and the judicial protection of multinational corporations from forum shopping plaintiffs

Article Abstract:

Multinational corporations are particularly susceptible to forum shoppers in the US due to liberal in personam jurisdiction, venue, and pro-plaintiff laws. Forum shopping can be reduced by continued application of the doctrine of forum non conveniens. The doctrine has been criticized for lack of uniform application due to judicial discretion and a weak standard of review. The critics do not appreciate the flexibility the doctrine allows.

Usage, Cases, Laws, regulations and rules, International business enterprises, Multinational corporations, Forum non conveniens, Venue, Venues (Law), international

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Major league baseball's disempowered Commissioner: judicial ramifications of the 1994 restructuring

Article Abstract:

Changes in the governmental structure of the office of the Commissioner of baseball in 1994 may result in litigation and loss of the antitrust exemption. The exemption and historic freedom from judicial intervention enjoyed by the Commissioner is rooted in the 'best interests' of the game power which is a very broad power. Structural changes which limit that power may cause the judiciary to remove the benefits flowing from it.

Baseball (Professional), Baseball commissioners

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