Two levels of pluralism

Article Abstract:

Pluralism in ethics is possible at either a first-order level concerning decision-making or a second-order level concerning moral systems. At the first level, in responding to moral disagreements, pluralism is an alternative to both relativism and absolutism. The pluralist at this level holds that some, but not all, moral issues are indeterminate. At the second level, however, pluralism supports relativism without subjectivism. According to second-level pluralism, there can be more than one acceptable moral code, although many possible codes are not acceptable within the constraints of reason.

Decision making, Ethical relativism, Decision-making (Ethics)

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Love as a Moral Emotion(*)

Article Abstract:

Juxtaposing love and Kantian respect can illuminate both. Some problems in understanding can be resolved by applying theory of value and valuation developed for respect by Immanuel Kant. Kantian respect is an attitude toward idealized, rational will. It qualifies as a law, serving as a norm for the empirical will. Respect for this law is identical to respect for the person, and can perhaps be compared with love. To bring love into convergence with morality it is necessary to rethink the partiality of love. Humans are required to cultivate capacities that would make them worthy of humanity.

Psychological aspects, Social aspects, Love, Ethics

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Kantian pluralism

Article Abstract:

Kantian ethics is monistic in that it recognizes one basic moral principle and is intolerant of inconsistency and dilemmas. However, there are also pluralistic elements in Kantian ethics in that it acknowledges incommensurable values; views the right as prior to the good; and encourages permissive, undogmatic and nonjudgmental attitudes because it requires respect for persons.

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