Cashing in the dividend - quietly

Article Abstract:

The end of the Cold War did yield a significant peace dividend for members of NATO, though it remains difficult to measure. Variations in the share of GDP different member states spend on military affairs increased from 1985 to 1995, but fell on average 22.8% in Europe and $34.7% in the US, yielding a peace dividend of $95.3 billion a year in Europe and $166.6 billion in the US. The US's share of spending on NATO fell in that period from 72% to 59%, though its greater efficiencies still give the US disproportionate weight.

Finance, Statistics, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Defense spending

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Curriculum theory and time, space and knowledge: thoughts about science and peace

Article Abstract:

Education theory is poised between open and closed contracts between the participants. The closed contract can be appropriate in some situations, but the open contract emphasizes involvement with outcomes for teacher and learner being not completely predictable.

Social aspects, Analysis, Education, Study and teaching, Science, Peace

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