Pakistan's enduring experiment

Article Abstract:

Governments in Pakistan have experimented with democracy since the mid-1980s. However, a powerful presidency has been one of the persisting problems in Pakistan's democratic transition. The presidents have unconstitutionally dismissed popularly elected governments in 1988, 1990, 1993 and 1996. The power of the military, lack of political accountability and constant disagreement between the ruling party and the opposition are major obstacles to democratic governance. Social unrest, ethnic violence and Islamic fundamentalism have further weakened the nascent democratic tradition.

Pakistan, Executive power

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Ending one-party dominance: Korea, Taiwan, Mexico

Article Abstract:

The article examines recent successes by opposition candidates in countries that have traditionally been one-party systems: South Korea, Taiwan and Mexico. It is posited that the existence of three major competing parties, the factor that enabled the opposition candidates to win, is impeding their ability to govern, as it creates conflict between the executive and the legislature.

Taiwan, South Korea, Mexico, Presidents, Presidents (Government), Powers and duties, Legislative bodies, One party systems

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Democracy, dictatorship, and infant mortality revisited

Article Abstract:

New data covering most of the 1990's reveal that democracy, even when minimally defined, has a potent independent impact that tends to reduce infant mortality and promote overall social well-being. The issues in overcoming selection bias and the way in which democracy can be overcome are discussed.

Influence, Infants, Infant mortality, Social service, Social welfare

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