Bored tunneling for Singapore Metro

Article Abstract:

The planning of the Singapore Metro mass transit railway system took all of 14 years from 1968 to May 1982. The comprehensive logistical solution of this construction projectis presented with focus on the 22.4 km of bored tunneling needed within the city's central area. The division of the 67 km and 42 station railway project into nine packages attractive enough for international investors is also described. With the almost simultaneous tunneling in different geological conditions, the Singapore Metro project provides significant insights for construction companies.

Planning, Tunnel construction, Singapore, Design and construction, Tunneling, Railroad tunnels

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The human side of L.A. Metro

Article Abstract:

The photographs taken by a California-based photographer of the construction site for the L.A. Metro rail project are given. The project will reduce traffic congestion and air pollution in Los Angeles. The photographs capture the world of subway tunneling, construction and the beauty of work below the ground's surface. The construction of the underground light-rail lines stretches below Hollywood, Santa Monica and Vermont Avenues.

Portrayals, Los Angeles, California, Light rail transit

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STM on wet insulators: electrochemistry or tunneling?

Article Abstract:

The imaging that results when a scanning tunneling microscope is used on a mica surface in humid air may be the result of an electrochemical mechanism resembling scanning electrochemical microscopy. Arguments for and against this hypothesis are presented.

Research, Electron microscopy, Scanning tunneling microscopy

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